Blood Pressure
Posted: Tuesday, January 25th, 2022 | Updated: Friday, August 12th, 2022
Posted: Tuesday, January 25th, 2022 | Updated: Friday, August 12th, 2022
Normal Blood Pressure Values:
Systolic BP: 100-160 mmHg
MAP BP: 80-120 mmHg
Diastolic BP: 60-90 mmHg
Hypotension is classified when the MAP is less than 60-65 mmHg or the Diastolic is less than 40 mmHg. A MAP of less than 60 mmHg may result in decreased tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery. A Diastolic BP of less than 40 mmHg may result in decreased coronary artery perfusion and myocardial damage due to hypoxemia resulting in arrhythmias. We're also commonly concerned with a Systolic BP of less than 80 mmHg. Common causes of hypotension are from hypothermia, hypocalcemia, vasodilation, deep anesthetic depths, vasodilation, negative inotropy, and/or bradycardia. Management of hypotension may be achieved through intravenous fluid therapy, pressor and inotropic agents, blood products, and other stabilization methods. Dorsal pedal arteries are unable to be felt at systolic pressures less than 60 mmHg and femoral arteries at 40 mmHg
Aim for the blood pressure to be at least:
Systolic BP: 90-100 mmHg
MAP BP: >60 mmHg
Diastolic BP: >40 mmHg
Hypertension is classified when the Systolic is greater than 180-200 mmHg, the MAP is greater than 130 mmHg, and the Diastolic is greater than 110 mmHg. Hypertensive emergencies that require treatment may result from adrenal gland tumors (pheochromocytoma), acute renal failure, and/or acute glomerulonephritis. Aggressive treatment may involve placing the patient on a sodium nitroprusside CRI or a diltiazem CRI. Management of hypertension may be achieved through low sodium diets, weight loss, diuretics (furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide), calcium channel blockers (amlodipine), ACE inhibitors (enalapril and benazepril), and occasionally alpha or beta blockers (prazosin, propranolol, and atenolol)
Systolic BP: 100-160 mmHg
MAP BP: 80-120 mmHg
Diastolic BP: 60-90 mmHg
Hypotension is classified when the MAP is less than 60-65 mmHg or the Diastolic is less than 40 mmHg. A MAP of less than 60 mmHg may result in decreased tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery. A Diastolic BP of less than 40 mmHg may result in decreased coronary artery perfusion and myocardial damage due to hypoxemia resulting in arrhythmias. We're also commonly concerned with a Systolic BP of less than 80 mmHg. Common causes of hypotension are from hypothermia, hypocalcemia, vasodilation, deep anesthetic depths, vasodilation, negative inotropy, and/or bradycardia. Management of hypotension may be achieved through intravenous fluid therapy, pressor and inotropic agents, blood products, and other stabilization methods. Dorsal pedal arteries are unable to be felt at systolic pressures less than 60 mmHg and femoral arteries at 40 mmHg
Aim for the blood pressure to be at least:
Systolic BP: 90-100 mmHg
MAP BP: >60 mmHg
Diastolic BP: >40 mmHg
Hypertension is classified when the Systolic is greater than 180-200 mmHg, the MAP is greater than 130 mmHg, and the Diastolic is greater than 110 mmHg. Hypertensive emergencies that require treatment may result from adrenal gland tumors (pheochromocytoma), acute renal failure, and/or acute glomerulonephritis. Aggressive treatment may involve placing the patient on a sodium nitroprusside CRI or a diltiazem CRI. Management of hypertension may be achieved through low sodium diets, weight loss, diuretics (furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide), calcium channel blockers (amlodipine), ACE inhibitors (enalapril and benazepril), and occasionally alpha or beta blockers (prazosin, propranolol, and atenolol)
Sources:
Ford, Richard B., and Elisa M. Mazzaferro. Kirk and Bistner's Handbook of Veterinary Procedures and Emergency Treatment. 8th ed., Saunders Elsevier, 2006.
Poli, Gerardo. MiniVet Guide: Companion Animal Medicine. InHouse Publishing, 2016.
Ford, Richard B., and Elisa M. Mazzaferro. Kirk and Bistner's Handbook of Veterinary Procedures and Emergency Treatment. 8th ed., Saunders Elsevier, 2006.
Poli, Gerardo. MiniVet Guide: Companion Animal Medicine. InHouse Publishing, 2016.